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商贸英语|常用商务英语使用方法和含义比较说明

来源:www.pcnrpp.com 2024-06-02
笔者在商务英语教学中发现,外贸英语中有一些用十分频繁的词语比较容易被误译,缘由是商务英语中相同的单词在不同状况下具备不一样的含义。现将这类单词的不同使用方法和含义试加比较说明。

例1、floating

It is not surprising, then, that the world saw a return to a floating
exchange rate system. Central banks were no longer required to support
their own currencies.

Floating policy is of great importance for export trade; it is, in
fact, a convenient method of insuring goodsswheresa number of similar
export transactions are intended, e.g.swheresthe insured has to supply
an overseas importer under an exclusive sales agreement or maintains
sales representatives or subsidiary companies abroad.

译文:

在这样的情况下,世界各国又恢复浮动汇率就司空见惯了。各国中央银行也就无须保持本币的汇价了。

统保单对出口贸易至关要紧。它事实上是货物保险中的一种便利的方法,特别合适于分不一样的时间出口的一批类似货物,如,当被保险方依据独家代理协议书向海外的进口方供货,或在海外委任了销售代表,设立分支机构时用之。

注释:

floating在上述两个句中的意思完全不同,floating exchange rate意为浮动汇率,即可自由浮动,完全受市场力量决定的汇率规范。而floating policy则指用以承保多批次货运的一种持续性长期保险凭证,常译为统保单。

例2、confirm

We'd like to inform you that our counter sample will be sent to you
by DHL by the end of this week and please confirm it ASAP so that we
can start our mass production.

Payment will be made by 100% /confirm/ied, irrevocable Letter of
Credit available by sight draft。

译文:

非常高兴公告你,大家的回样将于本周末用特快专递给你,请尽快确认,以便大家开始大量生产。

付款方法为1O0%即期,保兑,不可撤消信用证。

注释:

/confirm/ied一词在这两句话的意思也不同。在第一个句子中,/confirm/i的意思是确认。在第二个句子中,confirmed L/C应翻译为保兑信用证,即指一家银行所开的由另一家银行保证兑付的一种银行信用证。

例3、negotiable

Part time barman required.Hours and salary negotiable.

This Bill of Lading is issued in a negotiable form, so it shall
constitute title to the goods and the holder1, by endor百度竞价推广ent3 of this B/L.


译文:

招聘兼职酒店保安,工作时间和薪水面谈。

所签发的提单可为出售的,故只须在提单上背书,便确定了货物和持票人的所有权。

注释:

在第一句话中,negotiable的意思是可商议的,在第二句话中的意思则是可出售的,可出售提单经过背书后即可将所有权出售给别人,值得注意的是,negotiating bank则是议付银行,即购买或贴现汇票的银行。

例4、discount
You may get a 5% discount if yoursgroupsis on a regular basis.

If a seller extends credit to a time draft, they have made a trade
acceptance.The seller can request that the bank finance the transaction
by buying the draft.The bank is said to discount the draft.

译文:

假如你方按期给我方下定单,你便捷可得到5%的优惠。

如卖方开出的是远期汇票,以此向买方提供信用,此时就做了一笔商业汇票承兑业务,卖方可以请银行买下商业承兑汇票,银行用这个方法对出口商筹资,也就是说,银行对该汇票贴现了。

注释:

discount在这两句话中的意思一个是打折,另一个是贴现。打折是指产品在原价的基础上按百分比降价,贴现则是指未到期的票据向银行筹资,银行扣取自买进日至到期日的利息,并收取肯定的手续费后,将剩下的票面金额付给持票人。

例5、endorse

Our products have been endorsed4 by the National Quality Inspection5
Association.

Draft must be accompanied by full set original on board marine6 Bill
off Lading made out to order,endorsed in blank,marked freight prepaid.

译文:

大家的商品为全国水平检查协会的推荐商品。

汇票需要附有整套印有货物收讫字样的正本海运提单,凭指示、空白背书,并写明运费已付。

注释:

在第一个句子中,推荐是指用过某种商品后感到认可,并通过媒体介绍给公众。而第二句中的空白背书明是指背书人只在票据背面签上我们的名字,而不注明特定的被背书人。

例6、average

If a particular cargo7 Is partially8 damaged,the damage is called
particular average.

It's obvious that the products are below the average quality.

译文:

假如某批货是部分受损,大家称之为单独海损。

非常明显,这批商品的品质是中下水平。

注释:

在第一个句子中,particular average的意思是单独海损,是指在保险业中因为海上事故所致使的部分损失,因此average一词的意思是损失或损毁,而第二句中的average为平均之意。

例7、tender

Under CIF, it is the seller's obligation to tender the relative
documents to the buyer to enable him to obtain delivery of the goods.
If they arrive, or to recover for the loss, if they are lost on the
voyage.

He became as exhilarated as if his tender for building a mansion9 had
been accepted.

译文:

在CIF价格术语项下,卖方的责任是向买方递交有关单证,使其能在货物到达后提取货物;假如货物运输途中丢失了,买方也可凭单证去获得补偿。

他欣喜若狂,好象他承办大厦建筑的投标被同意了。


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